Comparative Evaluation of ‘MTA’ and “Portland Cement with Three Different Radiopacifying Agents” on Osteoblast Cell Survival, Alkaline Phosphatase Activity and Genetic Expression of Mineralization: An In Vitro study

AIM : To compare the Cytotoxicity, Alkaline phosphatase activity and Genetic expression of Mineralization between “White Portland Cement mixed with Radiopacifying agents (Iodoform/Zirconium dioxide/Bismuth oxide)” and “MTA” in Mouse MC3T3-E1 Osteoblast cells. MATERIALS & METHODS : WPC was mixed with three different radiopacifying agents in the ratio of 4:1 by weight and divided into three groups. Along with MTA and control group, totally 5 groups were taken at a concentration of 0.02 mg/ml and compared the cytotoxicity by MTT assay and Alkaline phosphatase activity by Lowry method. Then qRT-PCR analysis was performed to detect the genetic expression of Mineralization and cytokines. LPS at a conc. of 10 ìg/ml was added to the experimental materials and qRT-PCR analysis was again performed to detect the expression levels of cytokines despite LPS stimulation. The values were analyzed statistically by One Way Analysis of Variance followed by multiple comparison Tukey HSD test. RESULTS : The Cell survival ability was decreased in the 1st and 2nd day but significantly increased on the 3rd day for all the experimental groups. The Alkaline phosphatase activity was decreased on the 3rd day but increased gradually from 3rd day to 15th day for all the experimental groups. The gene expression of all Mineralization associated proteins were decreased on the 1st and 2nd day but significantly increased on the 3rd day for all the experimental groups. With and without LPS stimulation, the cytokines, TNF á was detected at low levels, IL -6 was maintained and IL-1 á was highly suppressed for all the experimental groups. All the results were statistically insignificant among the experimental groups. CONCLUSION : Hence it was concluded that Portland cement can be used in place of MTA after addition of any Radiopacifiers like Bismuth oxide, Iodoform and Zirconium dioxide